Campi Flegrei, the vast volcanic complex near Naples, Italy, experienced its most powerful earthquake in 40 years on May 20. The 4.4 magnitude tremor caused a stir, triggering minor damage and sparking panic amongst residents. The National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) confirmed the quake’s depth at roughly three kilometres, adding to the concern that shallow earthquakes can be more impactful.
4.4 Magnitude Tremor Causes Minor Damage
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While the damage was fortunately minimal, reports from Pozzuoli, the epicentre, detailed cracks appearing in walls and falling cornice work. The tremors rattled Naples, a bustling city some 20 kilometres away. Fearing structural damage, officials in the surrounding areas closed schools for the day to allow engineers to conduct assessments.
This latest event comes amidst a period of heightened seismic activity in Campi Flegrei. INGV has recorded a significant increase since 2022, with April 2024 alone witnessing over 1,200 earthquakes, most registering below a magnitude of 1.0. However, the two tremors on May 20, a 3.5 magnitude precursor followed by the stronger 4.4, have caused disquiet amongst the local population.
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Supervolcano’s History Fuels Local Disquiet
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The disquiet is understandable. Campi Flegrei isn’t your average volcano. Classified as a supervolcano, it has a long and dramatic history of eruptions, the most recent major one occurring in 1538. This eruption not only reshaped the landscape but also resulted in the creation of a new bay along the southern Italian coastline.
Volcanologists are divided on the cause of the recent seismic activity. Some believe it could be a sign of magma building up beneath the surface, potentially leading to a future eruption. Others suggest it might be caused by an increase in gas pressure. The INGV is closely monitoring the situation, and further research is needed to determine the exact cause.
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The May 20 earthquake served as a stark reminder of the power and ever-present threat posed by Campi Flegrei. The immediate danger appears to have subsided. The recent tremors highlight the importance of continued monitoring and preparedness for the surrounding communities.
Cover Image Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons
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