India is home to a plethora of grand temples, each more intricately constructed than the last. Built over centuries ago, they stood as testaments to the strength and grandiosity of the very empires that built them. One such empire was the great Chola Dynasty. If you’re a temple aficionado with a penchant for history, here are five temples across south India built by the Chola Dynasty that you must visit!
Chola Dynasty Temples To Visit Across South India
1. Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur
The Brihadisvara Temple in Thanjavur stands as the dynasty’s crowning architectural achievement. Built by Raja Raja Chola I around 1010 CE, this UNESCO World Heritage site showcases the pinnacle of Dravidian architecture. Its most striking feature is the 66-metre high vimana (tower) topped with an 80-tonne granite block. The temple complex, dedicated to Lord Shiva, houses exquisite frescoes and sculptures that chronicle tales from the Puranas.
2. Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple, Thanjavur
The Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple, constructed by Rajendra Chola I, was designed to rival his father’s creation in Thanjavur. Though slightly smaller, this temple maintains similar architectural grandeur with its 55-metre-high vimana. The temple’s name commemorates Rajendra’s victorious expedition to the Ganges. Its walls feature intricate sculptures depicting Shiva’s various forms and cosmic dance.
3. Airavatesvara Temple, Darasuram
The Airavatesvara Temple in Darasuram, built by Rajaraja Chola II, is renowned for its sculptural excellence. Unlike its grander cousins, this temple charms visitors with its intimate scale and detailed craftsmanship. The temple’s mandapa is designed like a chariot drawn by horses, with wheels and steps carved from stone. Its sculptures narrate stories from the Ramayana and various Tamil literary works.
4. Kampaharesvara Temple, Tribhuvam
The Kampaharesvara Temple in Tribhuvanam exemplifies the later Chola architectural style. Built during Kulottunga III’s reign, it features more elaborate sculptural work than earlier temples. The temple’s walls showcase detailed reliefs of various deities and mythological scenes. Its modest size belies the exceptional quality of its stone carving.
5. Nageswara Temple, Kumbakonam
The Nageswara Temple in Kumbakonam represents the early phase of Chola temple architecture. Though smaller than later temples, it established many architectural elements that became hallmarks of the Chola style. The temple features early examples of the dynasty’s distinctive sculptural style, particularly in its treatment of divine figures and decorative motifs. Its relatively simple vimana demonstrates the evolution of Chola architectural techniques that would later reach their zenith at Thanjavur.
These temples not only showcase the Cholas’ architectural mastery but also serve as repositories of their cultural, religious and artistic heritage. Each structure reflects the dynasty’s wealth, power and devotion through its unique architectural and sculptural elements.
Cover Image Credits: Canva Pro Images
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First Published: January 16, 2025 12:30 PM